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14 page typewritten diary belonging to Wesley Bliss who was an archaeologists from the University of New Mexico. He was on an archaeological and geological reconaissance of Alberta, Mackenzie Valley and Upper Yukon. The diary entries are from October 6, 1937 to April 17, 1938 and primarily concentrate on the Mackenzie Delta region.

5 pages of typewritten notes entitled "Notes of the University of New Mexico Philosophical Expedition to the Canadian Arctic--1938, by Thomas Cain." Cain was an archaeologists from the University of New Mexico who was on an archaeological and geological reconaissance of Alberta, Mackenzie Valley and Upper Yukon. The diary entries are from March 29, 1938 to May 2, 1938 and primarily concentrate on the Mackenzie Delta region.

26 page typewritten diary belonging to Alden Hayes who was an archaeologists from the University of New Mexico. He was on an archaeological and geological reconaissance of Alberta, Mackenzie Valley and Upper Yukon. The diary entries are from April 1, 1938 to May 21, 1938 and primarily concentrate on the Mackenzie Delta region.

12 page typewritten diary entitled "Mackenzie Valley Expedition" belonging to Joseph Maloney who was an archaeologists from the University of New Mexico. He was on an archaeological and geological reconaissance of Alberta, Mackenzie Valley and Upper Yukon. The diary entries are from April 10, 1938 to August 5, 1938 and primarily concentrate on the Mackenzie Delta region.

N-1979-004: 1-3 · File · 1921-1922
Part of Fred Jackson fonds

One folder consisting of a "License to use Radiotelegraphy" issued to Frederick C. Jackson. There is also a typewritten letter that accompanies the license sent to Mr. Jackson from the Royal North-West Mounted Police. The license is accompanied by a handwritten note from Mr. Jackson explaining that he believes it was the first radio license issued in the N.W.T.

N-1992-084: 1-2 · File · January 17, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of a transcript of an oral history interview of Jim Balsillie at Fort Resolution by Joanne Overvold and Ray Price, January 17, 1977. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, James Allen Rolland Balsillie. Mother's name, Marie Fabien. Maternal grandmother, Allizette Mandeville. Maternal grandfather, Henri Fabien. Paternal grandfather came from Scotland, but his father was from Winnipeg. Jim's parents (James and Marie) were married in the summer of 1900. They had 9 boys and 1 girl. Jim was born in 1907. He was married at Christmas in 1929 to a woman whose maiden name was Norn. They had 13 children in total, but they lost 3 of their 6 boys, so they had 3 boys and 8 daughters. They also raised one of his wife's sister's daughters. Grace Norn [his wife's mother?], lived to 101 ears of age. She died in Fort Rae. Her father, William Norn, came to the north as an Anglican missionary and they spent time at Fort Rae, Fort Norman and Fort Resolution.

N-1992-084: 1-3 · File · January 20, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of notes on a conversation Ray Price had with Angus Beaulieu on January 20, 1977 in Fort Resolution. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, Bobby Porritt. Paternal grandfather was Johnny Beaulieu who died in his 80's. He was a medicine man. Old Man Beaulieu lived from approximately 1775 to 1885.

N-1992-084: 1-6 · File · February 14, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Vital Bonnetrouge in Fort Providence on February 14, 1977. The interviewers are Joanne Overvold and Ray Price. The file also includes a summary of family history information and a list of topics discussed. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Vital's father was Slavey. He died in 1907 or 1908. His mother died in 1923 or 1924. Vital was born in Fort Providence in 1897. Vital's wife, Bella Nargo is from Fort Good Hope. They were married in 1922-23. They had 12 children, of which only 5 are still alive as of
1977.

Vital Bonnetrouge
N-1992-084: 1-7 · File · [ca. 1975]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Vital Bonnetrouge. The interviewer is Arthur Mercredi. Interview notes from 1992 Index: WARS; Dogrib & Cree; -WARS: Chipewyan & Dogrib; WARS: Chipewyan & Cree·
Hun Mountains; Hay River; Norman Wells; Tuktoyaktuk; Aklavik Channel; Kittigazuit; Caribou Bay; Yellowknife; Rocher River; Fort Rae; Fort Good Hope; Fort Providence; Trout River; Fish Lake; Dewline

N-1992-084: 1-11 · File · March 18, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Jimmy Wrigley and George Doctor in Fort Norman (Tulita). The interviewer is Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Jimmy was born in 1932. He's from Fort Simpson. His George's father's name was "Gunny Sack Nothing Inside" [?]. George said that he is 59 years old now [1977]. (TRAPPING Fort Norman; Fort Simpson; Fort Good Hope, Wrigley, Jimmy; Doctor, George; Kenny, Joe; Wedo, Fred; Kenny, Mel. Most of the tape is in Slavey and has not been translated.· [Agnes Hardisty from the Museum listened· to part of the tape in Slavey and said that George Doctor is talking about hunting, fishing and trapping and how they lived with the few traps that they had.

N-1992-084: 1-17 · File · February 10, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript from an oral history interview with Ned Fraser in Hay River on February 10, 1977. The interviewers are Ray Price and Joanne Overvold. The file also includes a family history summary.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Ned was born in Fort Chipewyan in 1912. Father's name, Roderick Fraser. He died in Edmonton and was buried in Fort Chipewyan in 1953 or 1954 at 76 or 77 years of age. Mother's name, Elizabeth Loutitt. She died when Ned was quite young. There were 13 in the family when she died- {he was the 4th) and the "old man couldn't look after us. So they sort of scattered us out." Maternal grandfather, Peter Loutitt. Maternal grand- mother, Eliza Loutitt. Paternal grandfather, Colin Fraser. He was a trader and descendent of the Colin Fraser who was a Piper for George Simpson. Horace Wiley has the bagpipes in Fort Chipewyan. Ned remembers when they brought the buffalo [bison] down on the barges to Fort Chipewyan in 1923-1925.

N-1992-084: 1-20 · File · [ca. 1975]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcripts of oral history interviews with Harriet Gladue and Noel Gladue in Fort Norman (Tulita). The interviewer is Mary Bartel.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Noel was born in Fort Chipewyan in 1902(?]. [He's 75 years old]. His father, Peter Gladue, was a Cree
Indian from Peace River. His mother, Mary Tourangeau, was half French. His brothers and sisters - John, Mary, Pierre, Brad, and Roderick. Married Harriet Wright (nee Horesay) in 1929. Noel mentions cutting wood "when the bombers use to go (over the houses from Russia, mosquito bombers."

Joe Lafferty
N-1992-084: 2-11 · File · February 18, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with Joe Lafferty on February 18, 1977 in Fort Simpson. The interviewers are Joanne Overvold and Ray Price.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father, was born in Liard and then worked at Nelson.
WAGE EMPLOYMENT: pilot; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: fireman; TRANSPORTATION: York boat; HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY: boats; BOAT NAME: S.S. Pioneer; BOAT NAME: S.S. Distributor; BOAT NAME: David McPherson; BOAT NAME: Arctic Lady; BOAT NAME: Bottom Lake; BOAT NAME: Lady of Rhodes(? Lourdes]; BOAT NAME: George Lake; BOAT NAME: N.D. de la Providence; WWII: Canol Road; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: hauling freight; GOLD: claims; ALCOHOL: bootleggers; BOAT NAME: McKinnon; BOAT NAME: Lindberg; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: cooking; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: wages; WWII; HISLOP AND NAGLE; ARTIFACTS; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: construction; DISEASE: TB; IMPERIAL OIL; OIL

N-1992-084: 2-12 · File · [ca. 1974]-February 14, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of three transcripts of oral history interviews with Victor Lafferty in Fort Providence. The first interview is undated and the interviewer was Joanne Burger. The second interview was on May 15, 1975 and the interviewer was Arthur Mercredi. The third interview was on February 14, 1977 and the interviewers were Joanne Overvold and Ray Price. The file also includes a family history summary.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father, Boniface Lafferty, died when he was 74 years old. Mother, Madeleine Bouvier.
Grandmother, Catherine Beaulieu. Victor was born in Fort Liard in 1887. He has 10 children.
Grandfather, Louison Lenoir (Lafferty). Father, Boniface Lafferty, was born at Winnipeg, Red River. Mother, Madeleine Bouvier. Victor was born January 4, 1887 in Fort Liard. He was married in 1912 to Mary Rose Mandeville. Victor's Aunt Monique was the wife of
Johnny Berens.
Victor got married in 1912. Victor's wife, Mary Rose Mandeville, died in 1938.
The Lafferty's were called Lenoir originally. The name was Lenoir, yah. I knew when they change it the name but I couldn't say what, how old I was. At the Mission they were all French and they couldn't spell the name like we spell it. They say that's an Irish name. So when they write our name Lafferty it was just L-a-f-e-r-t-e. Laferte. But the real, the right way is the way we spell it now. Lafferty. They kept all the half-breeds in the country, the Hudson Bay keep them see. And then they used them in the summer on the barges, York boats you know. (Break in tape) Steam boat, just the York boat." . "I got on the boat and went to McPherson, to Arctic Red. Well, then the boys, when we got to Good Hope, the boatmen, all these half-breeds from way up at Athabasca Landing, they all come down to look after the freight and the scows, you know. They were all down with us. And when we got to Good Hope, there was a cabin there, so they want to dance and they got, they got into there, a little shack. They start to dance. They[We?] couldn't go inside to look at them, so we got on the roof and we took the stovepipe out and there we looked at them."

Frank Laviolette
N-1992-084: 2-14 · File · January 13, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with Frank Laviolette on January 13, 1977 in Fort Smith. The interviewers were Joanne Overvold and Ray Price.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Mother's name, Alice Bigare. His father came from Fort Chipewyan. He was part Cree. (He was a French Canadian Metis?). Frank was born May 10, 1926. Old Chief Pierre Squirrel was approximately 102 or 104 years old when he died. He "used to be the right hand hunter with old Beaulieu .that used to be the leader at Salt river years ago. And my wife is the 8th generation of
the Beaulieu's." Frank was married in ·1951.
Frank lived with Chief Pierre Squirrel for 3 or 4 years when he was around 10 or 11. He used to trap with Sousi King's father, Paul King. "In the spring we stayed in the same camp, two tents, and I used to go to with the old man every day. He was 93 years old. And he used to pack a canoe, I was too young to pack a canoe, I had to make portage from one stream to the other and he was stronger than me, so he packed the canoe." "This time we read about the old trappers and they forget about the wives, they also played a big role. Without the woman, the trappers wouldn't have done so good in the early days ... Yes, even today. They played a big role and there wasn't anything about the woman in the trappers stories." "Joanne: There has been a lot of women that spent a. lot of years trapping for themselves. Frank: Yeah, they made, they played a role out on the trapline and I think they went out hunting and trapping the wood was already cut, and the camp already made and the women would set nets and have the food ready for their husband. I'd a say 50% of the work was done by the woman, her stretching and drying was done by the women. The man would always be travelling and hunting. 50% of the work was done by the woman, not so much now." Frank trapped with Germain Tourangeau for 14 years in the Caribou Mountains.

Laura Loutitt (McLeod)
N-1992-084: 2-18 · File · January 14, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Laura Loutitt on February 14, 1977 in Fort Smith. The interviewers were Ray Price and Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, Fred McLeod. He was born in Fort Franklin and died around 1964. Mother's name, Margaret Firth. She died in 1932. Laura's father was remarried in 1936 to Rose Lafferty. There were 15 children in Laura's family. Laura's maternal grandfather was John Firth from Fort McPherson. Her paternal grandfather, Murdoch McLeod, was born in Scotland but lived in Fort Franklin. Her paternal grandmother was Mary Taylor from Edmonton. Laura was born in Fort Nelson in 1904, but lived most of her life in Fort Liard. She married Colin Henry Loutitt from Fort Chipewyan in 1926. They had 11 children in total. One boy died at age 10 of pneumonia in 1932. Colin's mother's name was Helen Flett. His father's name was Peter Loutitt from Scotland. Colin was born in 1894.
A cousin of Laura Loutitt has been collecting information on the McLeod family. His address in 1977 was: Bud McLeod in Edmonton, Alberta. Laura recounts the story about what she knew about the murder of her father's two brothers, William and Frank McLeod in the Nahanni area, while they were prospecting for gold in 1902 [1906?]. Laura spent 8 years in school in Hay River. From there she went to Fort Providence for 3-4 months. Then she moved to Fort Smith to work as a housekeeper and cook for Billy Lion [Lyle] in 1923. In the fall of 1925, she was a housekeeper and cook for room and board and $25/month. She married in 1926 and moved to Fort Chipewyan for 4 years. She moved back to Fort Smith in 1930 and worked again as a housekeeper and cook until she got a job as cook for the NTCL Company. She worked in the summer and got laid off in the winter. Worked in between having 10 kids and cooking. Also worked on the boats for 10 years: on the Distributor for 2 years as cook, left that, had children and then worked on the Radium King. In the wintertime, when she wasn't working on the boats, she was cooking at the hotel, at the DOT and She had her own cafe called "DO DROP IN .. 11 Laura also worked for the police for 17 years as a cook in Inuvik (10 years) and Fort Smith (7 years). There was a book written about Mickey Ryan called the "Link to the North. 11 Collin Henry Loutitt' s · regimental number was 3214784.

Please note that this interview contains an outdated and derogatory term historically used to refer to persons of Chinese ancestry.

Julia Mackenzie
N-1992-084: 2-19 · File · May 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Julia Mackenzie. The interviewer was Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Julia's maiden name was Apples [spelled Apul in transcript - see record 8"5 for family name of Apples in Fort Rae.] Husband's name, Joe Mackenzie. She was married about 27? years ago. She is 47 years old (in 1977). Her father's name was Jimmy. Her grandmother's name is Marie Adam. She is 93 years old and still alive (in 1977). Both her father and her husband are Treaty.

N-1992-084: 3-2 · File · January 14, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Eleanor McNeill and Henry Geisbrecht on January 14, 1977 in Fort Smith. The interviewers were Ray Price and Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Mother's name, Cayen. Father's name, Alexie Jeremy. Her paternal grandfather's last name was Gerald. There were 8 children in her family but she is the only one still alive. Eleanor was born in Fort Fitzgerald in 1902. She was married at the age of 18, on December 27, 1924, in Fort Smith.

N-1992-084: 3-7 · File · January 20, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with Father Menez at Fort Resolution on January 20, 1977. The interviewer was Ray Price.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Short note of how the Courieur de Bois and the Metis came north. " ... when the English took over after General Wolfe's exercise in Quebec there, the fur traders, the French fur traders were sort of moved out but they left behind the little guys, the guys that were running around in the woods getting the fur. And when the English moved, well, who did they use but those who were already in the fur trade." p.2-3. Father Menez mentioµs that a vaccine was used by Doctor Diess [?] in 18371 [For smallpox??] Re: use of alcohol in fur trade: In 1800 there were 10,000 gallons of booze but by 1803, "·· .really the war between the Hudson’s Bay and the Northwest was at the peak, it went up to 20,000 [gallons]." p.5 Sir John Franklin was talking to Francois Beaulieu about travelling to the Arctic Ocean in 1820, and Francois Beaulieu drew him a map of the Arctic coast from Coppermine to Bathurst. The Burnside River has a Chipewyan name which means the river of the enemy. "Contwoyto Lake is a Chipewyan name meaning, the English used to call it Rum Lake because Samuel Hearne opened a keg of rum there. But the first part of the suffix, I mean the prefix means alcohol, and the suffix is lake." p.8 **Petitot writings and Back's journal mentioned in relation to the Mandevilles and Beaulieu and his 'gang' and where they met them i.e. Salt River, Fort Reliance, Fort Providence, Arctic Red River p.8-9. *****Books mentioned in text: "Le Metis Canadien" by Marcel Giraud. "Dix-huit-ans Chez les Sauvages" by Bishop Thoreau [?]. "Narrative of the Arctic Land Expedition to the Mouth of the Great Fish River, and Along the Shores of the Arctic Ocean, in the
Years 1833, 1834, and 1835" by Sir George Back. "Soixante quinze ans Le Postulate" by Father Broullard(?). "History of Fort Resolution" by David Smith; "Fur Trade Posts of the Northwest Territories, 1870- 1970" by Peter Usher." "Explorations in the Far North" by Frank Russell. "The Nearing North" by Freeman Lewis. Includes stories about Francois Beaulieu (Old King Beaulieu). The following books were available through the Manitoba Metis Federation Press: "Famous Manitoba Metis," "Six Metis Communities," "A Social History of the Manitoba Metis,"
"Stories of the Metis," Questions and Answers Concerning the Metis," "The Metis: Canada's Forgotten People."
Letter from A.G. MacKay on letterhead of MacKay, Hanley & Boyd [lawyers] to Frank Pedley the Deputy Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, Ottawa, dated March 28, 1914 that informs the department that "the Indians around Fort Smith, Smith Landing, Chipewyan and
Fond du Lac, are being told that the government is about to put them onto Reserves and deprive them absolutely of their right to hunt and in other respects are agitating them. He says that the half-breeds, particularly of the Boldeau [Ray comments that it should be Beaulieu] family ... are busy stirring up trouble with the Indians. And he thinks the feeling is such now that it is not safe for a white man to be engaged in prospectors work etc. in that district ... " p.13-14 ****Various R.C.M.P. reports (1897, 1909, 1912, 1915) are discussed.

Adolph Mercredi
N-1992-084: 3-8 · File · February 4, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with Adolph Mercredi in Yellowknife on February 4, 1977. The interviewer was Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Adolph's father, Victor Mercredi, was born on January 20, 1885 in Fort Chipewyan. Adolph's mother, Elizabeth Mandeville, was born in 1887 in Fort Resolution. There were 9 children born to Victor and Elizabeth. Twin brothers born in 1909 or 1910, Therese born in 1912, Adolph born in 1914 in Fort Chipewyan, Norbert born in 1916, Angelina born in 1918, Agnes born in 1921, Xavier born in 1922 and another brother born in 1930 (who only lived for 1 year). Adolph's paternal grandfather, Pierre Mercredi died in 1947. His paternal grandmother died in about 1952. His maternal grandfather was Michel Mandeville. His grandmother's name was Marie Fabien Mandeville. Adolph's paternal great. grandfather was Joseph McCarthy (the Mercredi name was originally McCarty or McCarthy). His paternal great grandmother was Mary Charlotte Laliberte, from Ile.-a-la-Crosse. She spoke Cree and Chipewyan. She died from the
Spanish Flu in 1922. Adolph married Martha Mcswain. Her parents names were Louise Cardinal and Johnny Mcswain. Adolph and Martha have 5 children: Louise, Josey, Evy, Bill and Nicolas. All were born in Fort Chipewyan except Evy was born in Fort Smith.