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Fred Andrew Transcript
N-1992-084: 1-1 · File · March 20, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of a transcript of an oral history interview of Fred Andrew at Fort Norman (Tulita) by Joanne Overvold, March 20, 1977. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, Andrew Akaisoney [Yatsule?]. He was a Mountain Indian, although his mother (Fred's grand- mother) was a Fort Good Hope Indian. He died in 1946 at the age of 67. Mother's name, Jaytette (white man's name, Jane Andrew). Fred was born in the Yukon in 1903.
His brother's name was Johnny. He was born in the Yukon
too. ]

N-1992-084: 1-10 · File · March 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of notes on a conversation between Marie Clement (Bichard) and Joanne Overvold in Fort Norman (Tulita).
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Marie (Bichard) Clement was born in Fort Franklin in·1886. She married Clement in 1901. "She had wanted to marry someone else but they [the nuns?] told her to marry Clement." She had 2 children. Her parents died when she was young.

N-1992-084: 1-11 · File · March 18, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Jimmy Wrigley and George Doctor in Fort Norman (Tulita). The interviewer is Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Jimmy was born in 1932. He's from Fort Simpson. His George's father's name was "Gunny Sack Nothing Inside" [?]. George said that he is 59 years old now [1977]. (TRAPPING Fort Norman; Fort Simpson; Fort Good Hope, Wrigley, Jimmy; Doctor, George; Kenny, Joe; Wedo, Fred; Kenny, Mel. Most of the tape is in Slavey and has not been translated.· [Agnes Hardisty from the Museum listened· to part of the tape in Slavey and said that George Doctor is talking about hunting, fishing and trapping and how they lived with the few traps that they had.

Erasmus Family
N-1992-084: 1-12 · File · May 7, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Peter Anderson and Jim ____ in Fort Rae (Behchoko) on May 7, 1977. The interviewer is Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Peter Erasmus was the patriarch of the Erasmus clan. He came out west as a lay preacher with the McDougall brothers of the Methodist Church. He later became an interpreter and was called the "Prince of Interpreter" because he spoke every native language between Northern Ontario and the Rocky Mountains in addition to English and French. He is credited with halting the Metis uprising in the Northwest. His father was a Napoleonic soldier and his was an Ojibway Indian from the Collingwood area of Ontario. The name Erasmus was originally a Dutch name, Rasmus. "And as far as anyone was able to determine this Napoleonic soldier came out to Canada along with many others after 1816 when the Napoleonic Wars were over. The Government of England and parts of
Europe could not pay their soldiers so they paid them off by land and they gave the soldiers and officers grants of land in North America in due [lieu] of payment and guarantee[d] to keep them on certain rations seed products and tools until they became established ... They moved around because when they'd came out here, Peter himself, I'm not sure which company he joined, but I know he later worked with the Hudson Bay Company. As a matter a [of] fact, if you go to Fort Edmonton, there's a place called the interpreter's house. That was his home, that was the old Erasmus' home. From there, I don't know how many children he had but moving around I dare say there were a number." "Old Peter lived to be about 90 some years old."

N-1992-084: 1-13 · File · January 12, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with John Evans in Fort Smith on January 12, 1977. John's wife, Saraphine Mercredi, also makes a couple of comments. The interviewers are Ray Price and Joanne Overvold. The file also includes additional notes made by Ray and a family history summary.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: John was born in Fort Chipewyan. John's father, David Evans, was from Winnipeg. (Originally Welsh?). He died when John was 16. John's mother, Helen Gibot, was a Cree woman from Fort Chipewyan. She died when he was 11. John had 4 brothers (eg. Morris and Philip) and 1 sister. John lived with an old widow, Adelle Flett, for about 2 years after he left the convent (1924-25) at the age of 14. She was somewhat crippled and didn't have anyone to do chores for her. "But she used to do her own living, you know. No welfare them days, no nothing. So she used to do all the laundry from town, lace snowshoes, and do any kind of work. She couldn't read or write. And yet, people asked her to make a tent so big, a tent 12' by 14' or something like that, she'll tell them how much canvas it needed and she made it." Plane crash in winter of 1930 in Fort Chipewyan·killed·4·children. Plane was piloted by Monkey Sherlock [Captain W.N. Sherlock]. Salt River in the 1920's & 1930's (?). " ... there was still quite a few people there. At one time they had two stores there Hudson Bay and private outfit. Cause all the trappers used to pull in there, especially in the fall and again in the spring after they quit hunting because it was a good place to fish and feed their dogs. That's what they used to be there for. And then celebrate too, I guess."

Please note that this interview contains an outdated and offensive term historically used to refer to persons of Chinese ancestry.

N-1992-084: 1-14 · File · January 13, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of notes from a conversation between John Evans and Ray Price in Fort Smith on January 13, 1977.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Notes on three stories that were recounted by John Evans (included on Pat Brown tape - 3 pages). Story about Pierre Gibot and Convent in Fort Chipewyan - eg. grabbed one of the Sister's bonnets on a dare. Story about Johnny Bourassa flying in to pick up John Evans in a Norseman. Story of John Evans and son trapping in the Talson River area at same time that Johnny Bourassa crashed in the Barrens.

N-1992-084: 1-15 · File · January 19, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript from an oral history interview of Maurice Evans in Fort Smith on January 19, 1977. The interviewer is John Evans. The file also includes a family history summary sheet.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, David Evans. Born in 1852 in Norway House, Manitoba. Died in 1927. Mother's name, Helen Gibot. From Fort Chipewyan. Died in 1922. Maurice was born August 19, 1913 in Fort Chipewyan. Maurice's brothers - John, Philip, Charlie, John. Maurice was married twice. Had 2 children with his first wife (Linda and Jimmy) and 11 (?) children with his second wife.

William Firth
N-1992-084: 1-16 · File · April 20, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript from an oral history interview of William Firth and Sarah Simon in Fort McPherson on April 20, 1977. The interviewers are Ray Price and Sue Look [Sarah's daughter].
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father - died May 1939 at 86 years old. He left Scotland when he was 19 years old and arrived in the Mackenzie River area in 1872. Also worked in the Yukon. He was a Hudson's Bay Company manager. Mother, Margaret Stewart or Stuart - died about 1943. Mother's father was from Iowas, Scotland. Mother's mother, Ivy Liluaen [?] was Loucheux. William's siblings - Joselyn, Margaret, James, Catherine, Joanne, Annie, Henry, Fred, Ellen
Ray's summary of one of William's stories. In the spring, the Indians [Mountain Indians? - mentions moose skin boats] and the Eskimo who came in from the coast, would meet at Fort McPherson. The Eskimo would stay under the bank and the Indians were higher up the hill
and farther away. Both the Anglican Mission and the Hudson's Bay Company would keep watch at night. "One method used to prevent any hostility of exploding in to something bad between the Eskimos and Indians in those days was a free for all football game, that was played, Eskimos on one side and the Indians on the other side. The Hudson Bay Company would put up as a prize maybe a pound of tobacco or something like that. Apparently, according to William, there weren't any rules attached to this game, it was just every man for himself. There
must have been some pretty good games. (laugh) There were shirts torn up and parkas torn up but nothing terribly serious." "William says one of the things that is interesting, he says, is that when they (the Indians) moved out they always cleaned out the place up completely. The brush they used for sleeping on was cleaned up and burned, the whole camp was left in a neat and orderly fashion. When they moved away this is what happened.

N-1992-084: 1-17 · File · February 10, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript from an oral history interview with Ned Fraser in Hay River on February 10, 1977. The interviewers are Ray Price and Joanne Overvold. The file also includes a family history summary.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Ned was born in Fort Chipewyan in 1912. Father's name, Roderick Fraser. He died in Edmonton and was buried in Fort Chipewyan in 1953 or 1954 at 76 or 77 years of age. Mother's name, Elizabeth Loutitt. She died when Ned was quite young. There were 13 in the family when she died- {he was the 4th) and the "old man couldn't look after us. So they sort of scattered us out." Maternal grandfather, Peter Loutitt. Maternal grand- mother, Eliza Loutitt. Paternal grandfather, Colin Fraser. He was a trader and descendent of the Colin Fraser who was a Piper for George Simpson. Horace Wiley has the bagpipes in Fort Chipewyan. Ned remembers when they brought the buffalo [bison] down on the barges to Fort Chipewyan in 1923-1925.

Mrs. Gardlund
N-1992-084: 1-18 · File · [ca. 1977]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of interviewer Ray Price reading Sarah Anne Gardlund's notes on her memories of Aklavik while at her home in Aklavik.

Interview notes from 1992 Index: Grandfather's name, John Firth. Father's name, Jim Firth. Sarah Ann got married in 1938.
COMMUNITY: history; HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY: traders; BUSH ECONOMY: seasonal cycle; NORTHERN TRADERS; HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY: boats; TRANSPORTATION: dog team; HOSPITAL; DISEASE: TB; DISEASE: typhoid; FIRE: boat; ANGLICAN MISSION: education; ANGLICAN MISSION: hospital; ANGLICAN MISSION: church; RC MISSION: education; RC MISSION: hospital; RC MISSION: church; ARMY: 1923; EDUCATION: Shingle Point; NAVY; TRAPPING; HOTEL; TRANSPORTATION: horse; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: hotel work; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: hospital; GAMES: running; WOMEN: hunting; WOmeN: trapping; TRAPPING: .fur farm;· DOMESTIC . ANIMALS: chickens

Harriet Gladue
N-1992-084: 1-19 · File · March 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with midwife Harriet Gladue in Fort Norman (Tulita) in March 1977. The interviewer is Joanne Overvold.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Harriet was born on February 23, 1897. Her father's name was Samuel Horrasey.[Horassi?], and her mother's name was Louisa. She was married twice. First to Albert Wright who died in the 1920's[?] and then to a Cree man (Noel Gladue-Fileno 1/20). Harriet knew who her husband was going to be when she was 9 years old. Jo: "Did you want to get married that young?" Harriet: "No, my husband when I was 9 yrs I guess he think of me, think of me and he told me when you get big you're going to be my wife. Oh from-there I was scared and I don't want to see him. Good thing we stayed in the Yukon and I don't remember how many yrs we were there good we never seen him. He came back in June and in July we got married." [CHECK ORIGINAL TAPE FOR EXACT TRANSLATION]. **** When preparing moose and caribou hides, "the first time a young girl they make something they give it to the old people that's what you're supposed to do."

N-1992-084: 1-2 · File · January 17, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of a transcript of an oral history interview of Jim Balsillie at Fort Resolution by Joanne Overvold and Ray Price, January 17, 1977. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, James Allen Rolland Balsillie. Mother's name, Marie Fabien. Maternal grandmother, Allizette Mandeville. Maternal grandfather, Henri Fabien. Paternal grandfather came from Scotland, but his father was from Winnipeg. Jim's parents (James and Marie) were married in the summer of 1900. They had 9 boys and 1 girl. Jim was born in 1907. He was married at Christmas in 1929 to a woman whose maiden name was Norn. They had 13 children in total, but they lost 3 of their 6 boys, so they had 3 boys and 8 daughters. They also raised one of his wife's sister's daughters. Grace Norn [his wife's mother?], lived to 101 ears of age. She died in Fort Rae. Her father, William Norn, came to the north as an Anglican missionary and they spent time at Fort Rae, Fort Norman and Fort Resolution.

N-1992-084: 1-20 · File · [ca. 1975]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcripts of oral history interviews with Harriet Gladue and Noel Gladue in Fort Norman (Tulita). The interviewer is Mary Bartel.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Noel was born in Fort Chipewyan in 1902(?]. [He's 75 years old]. His father, Peter Gladue, was a Cree
Indian from Peace River. His mother, Mary Tourangeau, was half French. His brothers and sisters - John, Mary, Pierre, Brad, and Roderick. Married Harriet Wright (nee Horesay) in 1929. Noel mentions cutting wood "when the bombers use to go (over the houses from Russia, mosquito bombers."

N-1992-084: 1-21 · File · [ca. 1976]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of the transcript of an oral history interview with Alice Hardy in Fort Norman (Tulita). The interviewer is Joanne Burger. The file also includes a transcript of a tape provided by Alice Hardy of her memories and a family history summary.
Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father, Timothy Charles Gaudet. Born in 1863 in Fort Good Hope. Died in 195'1 at 88 years old._ Mother,
Sarah Hardisty. Born in Fort Simpson. Died at 62 years old. Alice was born in 1912 in Fort Wrigley. Alice's husband, Jack Hardy, was born in 1902 in Antigonish, Nova Scotia.
EDUCATION: Edmonton (St. Boniface); HUDSON'S BAY COM2 - PANY: employment; IIDDSON'S BAY COMPANY: store goods; TRAPPING; MOUNTAIN INDIANS; BUSH ECONOMY: bush foods; EDUCATION: language; EDUCATION: first school (1948); EDUCATION: Treaty Indians; EDUCATION: Metis; COMMUNITY: description; CROSS CULTURAL RELATIONS: Metis-Indian; POSTAL SERVICE: dog team; POSTAL SERVICE: airplane; TREATY 11; SCRIP; ESKIMO: RCMP detachment; TABOOS: women; BUSH ECONOMY: bush life; BUSH ECONOMY: seasonal cycle; DISEASE: TB; TRANSPORTATION: barge; TRANSPORTATION: birch bark canoe; TRANSPORTATION: horse; TRAPPING: fur prices; RADIO STATION: 1930; R.C.C.S.; ELDORADO MINE; MUSIC: fiddlers; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: cutting wood; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: hospital; WAGE EMPLOYMENT: road building

N-1992-084: 1-3 · File · January 20, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of notes on a conversation Ray Price had with Angus Beaulieu on January 20, 1977 in Fort Resolution. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, Bobby Porritt. Paternal grandfather was Johnny Beaulieu who died in his 80's. He was a medicine man. Old Man Beaulieu lived from approximately 1775 to 1885.

Jessie Beaulieu
N-1992-084: 1-4 · File · January 17, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Jessie Beaulieu on January 17, 1977 in Fort Resolution. The interviewers are Ray Price and Joanne Overvold. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, John Angus Beaulieu. Mother's name, Harriet Norn. Maternal grandfather, William Norn. Maternal grandmother, Jane. Both were from Scotland.

N-1992-084: 1-5 · File · [ca. 1975]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Billy Berrens in Fort Smith. The interviewer is Mod Mandeville. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Born in 1928. Raised in Fort Smith. Married in 1949 to Albina Sanderson. [NOT CLEAR ABOUT FOLLOWING QUOTE]. "My great-grandfather was brought into Winnipeg by the Hudson's Bay Company and I guess he raised his family here and his first family. He was married twice. So his first ones was Johnny Berrens [Berens] and Sarah." p.l Billy's father, Alec Berens, was born in Fort Simpson and baptised in Providence. Alec had 2 sisters (who died at a young age) and a brother, William. Lived between Fort Simpson and Grouard.
Raised in Prince Albert, Echicholan[?]. William went back to Grouard and had a farm there until his death.

N-1992-084: 1-6 · File · February 14, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Vital Bonnetrouge in Fort Providence on February 14, 1977. The interviewers are Joanne Overvold and Ray Price. The file also includes a summary of family history information and a list of topics discussed. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Vital's father was Slavey. He died in 1907 or 1908. His mother died in 1923 or 1924. Vital was born in Fort Providence in 1897. Vital's wife, Bella Nargo is from Fort Good Hope. They were married in 1922-23. They had 12 children, of which only 5 are still alive as of
1977.

Vital Bonnetrouge
N-1992-084: 1-7 · File · [ca. 1975]
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Vital Bonnetrouge. The interviewer is Arthur Mercredi. Interview notes from 1992 Index: WARS; Dogrib & Cree; -WARS: Chipewyan & Dogrib; WARS: Chipewyan & Cree·
Hun Mountains; Hay River; Norman Wells; Tuktoyaktuk; Aklavik Channel; Kittigazuit; Caribou Bay; Yellowknife; Rocher River; Fort Rae; Fort Good Hope; Fort Providence; Trout River; Fish Lake; Dewline

N-1992-084: 1-8 · File · January 13, 1977
Part of Metis Heritage Association fonds

The file consists of an oral history interview with Pat Brown in Fort Smith on January 13, 1977. The interviewer is Ray Price. The file also includes notes Ray Price made regarding the interview and a family history summary. Interview notes from 1992 Index: Father's name, William Brown. [Where exactly he was born is confusing. Both Fort Simpson and "old country" (Scotland) mentioned]. Mother's name, Margaret Bushie. She was born around Salt River. She was Chipewyan.