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Erik Watt fonds
113 · Fonds · 1929-1995

This fonds consists of 1,207 photographs, including 852 predominantly black and white negatives and prints, and 355 colour slides.

The majority of the images were taken by Erik Watt between 1950 and 1995. These images fall into two broad groups: those that Erik Watt took during his career as a journalist in the 1950s and 1960s, and those Erik took primarily in the 1980s and 1990s while he was employed in various capacities. The majority of the 1950s-1960s photographs are black and white and show locations within the Northwest Territories, however, images from northern Alberta, northern Manitoba, and northern Quebec complement the overriding theme of Canada's north. A wide range of subject matter is represented in these photographs, including: DEW line operations; educational activities; views of northern communities and people from both the eastern and western arctic; Aboriginal reserves; mining operations; church work in the north; road construction; and special functions such as the official opening of public buildings. The 1980s-1990s photographs are colour slides and primarily document mine sites and infrastructure.

The remainder of the photographs were taken by Erik's father, Frederick Watt, and date between 1929-1933. These images include the first air mail flight to Aklavik, images of floatplanes and pilots, prospecting and staking activities and the establishment of the Cameron Bay settlement and mine. Some of these images were used in Frederick Watt's book "Great Bear: A Journey Remembered".

Watt, Erik
John Knox fonds
64 · Fonds · 1929-1975

This fonds consists of 184 black and white photographs and 11 diaries dated between 1953 to 1975. The images depict a variety of locations that Knox traveled to while working as a trapper and when working as a Game Warden in Fort Smith. Images include Inuit and Inuvialuit from Bathurst Inlet and Devon Island, a trip to the Thelon Game Sanctuary, hunting, fishing and trapping activities, travel by dogsled and canoe, views of wildlife, camps, Hudson's Bay Company Posts and the communities of Baker Lake, Rocher River, Fort Providence and Hay River. The diaries' entries note weather conditions, Knox's day-to-day activities and wildlife he observed while working in Fort Smith as a Game Warden.

Knox, John
Pierre Duchaussois fonds
121 · Fonds · [ca. 1929]

This fonds consists of 197 photographs of Dene, Inuit, and members of the clergy in group portraits, hunting with decoys, dogs hauling lumber and the Catholic Church mission boat Immaculata. Locations include: Arctic Red River, Slave River rapids, Bloody Falls, Aklavik, Fort Smith, Coppermine River, Fort Resolution, Herschel Island and St. Albert (Alberta).

Duchaussois, Pierre
Spud Arsenault fonds
391 · Fonds · 1929-1946

This fonds consists of a loose leaf diary of his trip to the NWT in 1929 and thirteen prospecting journals (field books). The diary consists of 25 loose leaf pages detailing Spud Arsenault's journey in 1929 to northern Alberta and the NWT. It includes descriptions of his travel by plane with Punch Dickens to the NWT including Fort Resolution and Fort Rae. The diary also includes descriptions of camp life, hunting, fishing, prospecting and work with Herb Dixon. The field books detail travel and prospecting activities in the Yellowknife area, the Great Bear Lake area, Watson Lake Yukon, northern Alberta and northern Saskatchewan with various mining companies from 1929-1946.

Arsenault, Spud
William C. Noble fonds
406 · Fonds · 1929-1973

This fonds consists of textual, graphic and cartographic materials produced durning Noble's numerous archeological expeditions in the NWT, and includes extensive field notes, original archeology reports, extensive cataloguing and analysis of artifacts found at sites, academic research and academic reports. This fonds also contains two binders of b&w photographs of the construction of Pine Point taken by Jim Cameron in 1929. Additionally, four binders in this fonds contain first flight air covers collected by Noble dating from 1929 - 1991.

Noble, William C.
Bobby Porritt fonds
256 · Fonds · 1928-1984

This fonds consists of 754 photographs, 95 postcards, 23 audio reels and 2 audio cassettes, 29 maps and 8.2 meters of textual records created and accumulated by Robert "Bobby" Porritt from the 1920s until his death in 1984. The records include correspondence, Porritt's notes, accounting records, banking records, other business records, records pertaining to the Northwest Territories Legislative Council (consisting primarily of copies), memorabilia, Jock McMeekan's records, a few annual reports and newsletters, some posters and ephemera, newspaper clippings, maps and plans, sound recordings, and photographs. In particular, the records document Porritt's occupational and political activities, his personal interests and his relationships with many friends and family members.

The correspondence, in particular is an excellent record of the economic, social and political aspects of life in Hay River from the late 1940s to the early 1980s. Porritt appears to have maintained intense personal contacts with the majority of the people in the Hay River area, including considerable correspondence with aboriginal hunters and trappers, who had become friends of Porritt. Also well documented is the Fort Resolution community in the 1930s, through correspondence and business records of the Fort Resolution Lumber Company. Since Porritt was Member of the Legislative Council for Mackenzie South, the records include correspondence with various other members of Council (e.g. Commissioner Ben G. Sivertz and John Goodall) and members of parliament. These letters contain discussion about political and bureaucratic issues facing Council before the move of the territorial government to Yellowknife in 1967. Unusually active in local organizations, Porritt's papers contain correspondence on behalf of these organizations. His interest in all aspects of his community, the north, and the world in general, are revealed in the magazines, ephemera, posters and other types of items he collected. The photographs taken and collected by Porritt cover a wide variety of subjects and dates. Photographs of family members, friends, business colleagues, communities and special interests such as aircraft and marine transportation are predominating.

In 1986, the NWT Archives received some 70 linear meters of records of Bobby Porritt, which included newspapers and government publications. Although the records had survived a flood and subsequent repacking, virtually no original order was discernible. Arrangement of series is by type of record, with the correspondence arranged in somewhat more detail than most other series. The photographs were sorted according to several subject categories.

Porritt, Bobby
Wop May fonds
18 · Fonds · [1928-1948]

This fonds consists of 580 copy negatives (35 mm) and 196 prints which are duplicates of the negatives. These are copies of photographs which belonged to Wop May. Though many of the images are not dated, however, the original photographs appear to date from circa 1928 to 1948. Many of the photographs were taken in northern Alberta, but locations within the Northwest Territories include Aklavik, Fort Norman, Rae, Arctic Red River, Hay River, Fort Providence, Fort Simpson, and Fort Resolution. The images include pilots, aircraft, and various aspects of air mail delivery.

This fonds also includes one map which appears to have been published in the Edmonton Journal. The map depicts Canada Post's inaugural air mail flight on December 10, 1929 between Edmonton and Aklavik piloted by Wop May.

May, Wop
Kenneth McIntyre Dewar fonds
186 · Fonds · 1928

This fonds consists of 2.5 cm of textual material. The material is comprised of a photocopy of a journal compiled by Kenneth McIntyre Dewar. The journal contains photographs, magazine articles, maps and entries from a journal. The document records the expedition of Kenneth Dewar, Harold Wilson, J.B. Muirhead and J. Thomson. The expedition was a prospecting journey from Great Slave Lake to Chesterfield Inlet via the Hanbury and Thelon Rivers. It includes Mr. Dewar's account of finding the remains of John Hornby, Edgar Christian and Harold Adlard.

Dewar, Kenneth McIntyre
Ole Hagen fonds
119 · Fonds · [1928 - 1959]

This fonds consists of 134 photographs depicting images of Fort Resolution, Great Bear Lake, Fort Rae, Yellowknife and the Negus Mine site. In addition there are photocopies of a standard employee's contract at Yellowknife Gold Mines, Ltd., dated 1934; a list of supplies required to sustain 2 men for 2 months; 2 plane tickets from Edmonton to Yellowknife dated 1936 and from Yellowknife to Edmonton dated 1937; and a 19-page diary written by Mr. Hagen during his trip to Bear Lake. There is also a copy of a release form in which Mr. Hagen released Admiral Yellowknife Mines, Ltd. Bear Exploration and Radium Ltd, Burwash Yellowknife Mines, Ltd. and Atlas Yellowknife Mines Ltd from his stakers interest in the group of claims in the Yellowknife area.

Hagen, Ole
Richard Finnie fonds
229 · Fonds · 1928-1977

This fonds consists of 543 photographs, 8 audio reels, 4 DAT audiocassettes, 7 16 mm films, 8 videocassettes and 2 cm of textual material. The photographic material consists of 543 prints and negatives. Included among the photographs are black and white images taken by Richard Finnie between 1939 and 1946. Some of these images were mounted into photograph albums and feature people and scenes of Yellowknife, Fort Rae, Aklavik, Fort Norman, Norman Wells, Fort Smith and the Canol Project. This fonds also includes images taken in 1931 of people at Coronation Gulf, photographs documenting Finnie's travels in the arctic during the 1920s and 1930s that depict aspects of the fur trade, mission work, government activities in the north including treaty payments, medical treatments, transportation, communication and the life of the Copper Inuit. In addition, there are images taken by Richard Finnie during a trip to Fort Rae at treaty time in 1974. Some of these photographs were included in an article that Finnie wrote for "The Beaver", Summer 1975, entitled "Treaty Time at Fort Rae". The fonds also includes a photograph album containing 142 colour prints entitled "Canol: The Authors Photographic Post Mortem" which was compiled by Finnie from photos of his 1977 tour of the remains of the Canol project.

The sound recordings consists of 8 audio reels (original masters) and 4 DAT audio cassettes (archival masters) containing the following: Trevor Lloyd interviewing Henry Larsen and Vilhalmjur Stefansson in 1962; E. M. Weyer interviewing Stefansson in 1955; and the soundtrack from the 1962 National Film Board film "Stefansson the Arctic Prophet." The moving images consist of 7 films created or collected by R.S. Finnie; the films were copied to 8 Umatic format videocassettes. The films are: "In the Shadow of the Pole" (1928); "The Arctic Patrol" (1929); "Among the Igloo Dwellers" (1930-31); "Ikpuck, The Igloo Dweller" (highlights from "Among the Igloo Dwellers"); "Patrol to the Northwest Passage" (1937); "The Dogrib Treaty" (1939); and "Canol" (1946?). The first two films listed cover the Eastern Arctic voyages of the "Beothic" (ship), and the next two focus on the Copper Inuit. "Patrol to the Northwest Passage" depicts the meeting of the "Nascopie" (ship) and "Aklavik" (ship).

The text consists of one file containing a copy of a draft of an unpublished manuscript entitled "Canol - The sub-arctic Pipeline and Refinery Project of Bechtel - Price - Callahan for the Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army 1942-1944."

Finnie, Richard
Sam Otto fonds
382 · Fonds · 1927 - [197-?]

This fonds consists of 0.1 cm of textual records, 859 photographs (242 black and white negatives, 300 black and white prints - original masters; 766 black and white digital files (TIFF), 15 colour digital files (TIFF) - archival masters; 55 black and white negatives, 23 black and white prints - original and archival masters), 15 8mm film reels (original masters), four 16mm film reels (original masters), 19 Betacam SP videocassettes (archival masters), and one 8mm film reel (original and archival master).

The textual records consist of a membership certificate. The majority of the photographs document Sam’s life prospecting, mining, and trapping between 1930 and 1950, while a smaller selection document Sam’s nuclear family life beginning in 1952. There are five main series of photographs: work in the Great Bear Lake region with the Northern Transportation Company and uranium mines in the early to mid-1930s; gold mining, camping, and prospecting in the Great Slave Lake area in the mid-1930s through the 1940s; work on the Canol project in 1942-1943; trapping on the barren lands (tundra) of the Keewatin region near Clinton-Colden Lake and the Back River area in the late 1930s to 1950; and Sam’s nuclear family life from 1952 onwards. Communities documented in this fonds include early images of Yellowknife’s Old Town and Latham Island, Fort Franklin (Deline), Cameron Bay camps, Norman Wells, Fort Resolution, and Fort Smith. The moving images document being on the land, prospecting, and hunting between 1930 and 1960, and town and family life between 1950 and 1970.

The digital files (TIFF) are scans of the original black and white negatives, black and white prints, and colour negatives, while the videocassettes are transfers from the original 8mm and 16mm film reels, all created by Sam Otto and loaned by his son Sheldon in 2000. The majority of the originally loaned items were returned by Sam Otto's daughter Lorraine in 2015, in addition to some newly offered materials.

Otto, Sam
William McDonald fonds
248 · Fonds · 1927, 1933, 1953-1959, [1969]

This fonds consists of 7 photographs and 3.5 cm of textual material. The textual material is made up of 3 prospecting field books containing dating from 1926, 1927 and 1953, as well as a small number of Canadian Wildlife Service Bird Band cards dated 1955-1959. In addition there is one five page written report by W.L. McDonald in 1958 on the Mar Mineral Claims at Marian Lake, a number of hand drawn maps that relate to the mining of lithium in the Yellowknife area and a diary found at Jolliffe Island containing weather observations and bird watching notes from 1940-1948. Also included are five pages of handwritten notes on northern birds, found in his cabin on Jolliffe Island. The images include portraits of William McDonald and companions, as well as pictures of eagles. Mr. McDonald collected these images circa 1969 and negatives were copied from the original photographs in 1990.

McDonald, William
Charles LaBine Fonds
399 · Fonds · [1926]-1968

This fonds consists of 5 mm. of text, 53 black and white photographs (prints) and one DVD version of a film entitled "The Secret Years of Eldorado". The text includes a letter from the Semaine Internationale Contre Le Cancer announcing Charles Labine as as recipient of the "Pierre et Marie Curie" medal in consideration of the discovery of radium; prospectus and share distribution re: "Eldorado Gold Mines Limited" and a "Portfolio of Reproductions of the Documents of Surrender" from the Second World War which was presented to Chalres Labine. The photographs include images of the mining operations at Eldorado Mine at Great Bear Lake.

LaBine, Charles Leo, 1888-1996
426 · Fonds · 1926-2018, predominant 1993-2018

This fonds consists of records documenting the activities of the Gwich’in Social and Cultural Institute from its establishment in 1993 until its transition into the Gwich’in Tribal Council’s Department of Cultural Heritage in 2016. The fonds includes some records of the Department of Cultural Heritage from 2016 until 2018. The material has been arranged into 38 series based on seven functional categories:

  • Administration includes nine series documenting the governance and administration of the GSCI. The series included in this category are Gwich’in Tribal Council (426-S01); Governance (426-S02); Executive Director (426-S03); Research Director and General Administrative Materials (426-S04); Finance (426-S05); Correspondence (426-S06); Gwich’in Organizations, Communities and Events (426-S07); Other Organizations, Institutions and Associations (426-S08); and Website (426-S09). These series include meeting packages and minutes; strategic planning materials including GSCI’s five-year plans; annual reports; GSCI Executive Director files from 2004-2016; office, staff, project and other general administrative materials; financial statements and reporting materials; funding proposals, applications, reports, contribution agreements and service contracts; correspondence files; meeting materials, minutes, reports, proposals, presentation materials and informational materials related to Gwich’in and non-Gwich’in organizations, institutions and associations; website planning materials including funding applications, contribution agreements, financial statements and content planning materials; and general correspondence within each series.
  • Consultation with Government includes three series documenting GSCI’s consultation and interaction with the federal and territorial governments. The series included in this category are Government of Canada (426-S10), Government of the Northwest Territories (426-S11) and Government of Yukon (426-S12). These series include correspondence; proposals; reports; funding proposals and reporting materials; workshop and presentation materials; informational materials; and curriculum planning and development materials.
  • Traditional Knowledge and Land Use Policy and Regulation includes three series documenting the GSCI’s work in traditional knowledge policy development, land use planning and management and permitting and licensing. The series included in this category are Traditional Knowledge Policy (426-S13); Land Use Planning and Management (426-S14); and Researchers, Permits, Licences and Use Agreements (426-S15). These series include correspondence; proposals; funding and financial materials; workshop and presentation materials; discussion papers; reference materials; reports; policy copies; permit and licence applications and reports; research and data-sharing agreements; researcher files; and project materials provided to GSCI by researchers including planning materials, interview materials, photographs, videos and films, theses, reports and articles.
  • Repatriation includes two series documenting the GSCI’s work in repatriating Gwich’in heritage materials and knowledge through a number of projects. The series included in this category are Gwich’in Traditional Caribou Skin Clothing Project (426-S16) and Repatriation Projects (426-S17). These series consist of project, planning and produced records including correspondence; funding proposals, contribution agreements and terms of reference; reports; copies of publications; audio and video recordings; and photographs, slides and negatives.
  • Recognition of Historic and Cultural Sites includes three series documenting the GSCI’s work for the recognition, protection and management of Gwich’in historic and cultural sites. The series included in this category are Gwich’in Territorial Park (426-S18); Burial Sites (426-S19); and Historic Sites and Heritage Rivers (426-S20). The series include correspondence; materials related to the GSCI’s work in developing a vision and management plan for the Gwich’in Territorial Park including terms of reference, meeting materials, planning materials and copies of the management plan; funding materials, reports, maps and audio recordings from projects GSCI conducting in the Gwich’in Territorial Park; GTC Burial Site Guidelines; notes and information from the Tsiigehtchic Graveyard Mapping Project; and materials related to the nomination and management of national and territorial historic sites and heritage rivers including nomination applications, funding materials and service contracts; interview recordings and transcripts; photographs; unveiling ceremony materials; and draft management plans.
  • Research and Programs includes 17 series documenting the GSCI’s research projects, programming and activities. These series include project, planning and produced materials, place name database and online mapping materials, conference materials and reference materials. The series included in the category are Oral History and Place Names Projects and Activities (426-S21); Archaeology (426-S22); Gwich’in Renewable Resources Board Traditional Knowledge Work (426-S23); Gwich’in Traditional Knowledge of the Mackenzie Gas Project Area (426-S24); Arctic Red River Headwaters Projects (426-S25); Elder’s Biography Project (426-S26); Gwichya Gwich’in Googwandak (426-S27); Tsiigehtchic Genealogy Workshop (426-S28); Gwich’in Ethnobotany (426-S29); Committee for Original Peoples’ Entitlement (COPE) Recordings (426-S30); Other GSCI Projects (426-S31); Partner Projects (426-S32); Archival Projects (426-S33); Science and Culture Camps (426-S34); Non-Project Publications and Posters (426-S35); Conferences, Workshops and Meetings (426-S36); and Reference Collection (426-S37). These series include correspondence; funding, financial and budget materials; project proposals interview materials; field notes; workshop and presentation materials; reports; GSCI publications including books, articles, brochures and posters; photographs, slides and negatives; audio and video recordings; transcripts; programming materials for science and culture camps; materials related to the documentation, preservation and update of the GSCI’s archival material; conference materials, notes and presentations; and reference materials including books, reports, journals, articles, research manuals, non-GSCI language materials and Gwich’in historical materials.
  • Language includes one series documenting the GSCI’s language work and activities outside of research projects. This series is titled Language Work (426-S38) and documents GSCI’s work and relationship with the Gwich’in Language Centre, the development of the Gwich’in Language Plan, GSCI language workshops and projects, and language materials produced by the GSCI. This series includes correspondence; funding and budget materials; workshop materials; immersion camp materials; and dictionary copies, language class materials and other language materials.
Gwich'in Social and Cultural Institute
303 · Fonds · [1926-1980], 1975-1979

This fonds consists of approximately 82 cm of textual material and includes: records of the Inter-departmental Committee on Planning; materials related to the work of the Department of Planning and Program Evaluation in the area of scientific research and statistics; records generated by the Policy and Evaluation Division; and records of the Special Projects Division. The fonds includes copies of licenses issued by the Science Advisory Board to scientists and explorers doing research in the north between 1970-1977, and a copy of a register that recorded Scientist and Explorer Licenses issued between May 1926 and March 1974. The material that was created by the Policy and Evaluation Division consists of a series of reports from 1976-1979 that examined a variety of topics including: communication services in the Northwest Territories, income distribution between 1966-1976, demographic studies of population growth in the Northwest Territories, family allowance statistics, evaluations of a drug and alcohol council, apprenticeship, daycare, subsidized term employment, rehabilitation of disabled persons, operations of a student residence in Fort Smith, in-service training, two evaluations of Frobisher Bay after closure of a liquor store, and an evaluation of a 1977 Summer Science Experience Project. The remaining material consists of correspondence, notes and memoranda, agreements, minutes, plans and charts amassed by the Special Projects Division of the Department of Planning and Program Evaluation, in the course of developing the Nanisivik town site near Arctic Bay on Strathcona Sound.

Northwest Territories. Department of Planning and Program Evaluation (1975-1979)
Knut Lang fonds
35 · Fonds · 1926-1934

This fonds consists of photographs, primarily of steamships on the Mackenzie river, including the "Northland Echo" and "Distributor" as well as views of Aklavik. There is also one undated map titled "Proposed Boundary--Mackenzie Territory."

Lang, Knut
Glick family fonds
429 · Fonds · 1925-1996, 2007

This fonds documents three generations of the Glick family over the course of the twentieth century: Jacob Isaac (J.I.) Glick and Sadie Glick, their son Harold Glick, his wife Zelda (Vinsky) Glick, and their children Leah, Murray, Jeffrey, and Marilyn Glick.

The records in Series 1-7 and 11 were predominantly created and maintained by Jacob Isaac Glick between 1925 and 1973. The records in Series 1 relate to his work as a fur trader and prospector in northern Ontario, his criminal trials and incarceration, and his military service during the Second World War. Series 2, 3, 4, 6, and 11 his postwar business activities in Yellowknife, including the Veterans Restaurant (Veterans Café), Central Real Estate, the Gold Range Hotel, Premier Electrical, Lizel Holdings, and La Gondola Restaurant. Series 5 and 7 document his personal and political activities and perspectives, including his membership in the Yellowknife Town Council and the Northwest Territories Progressive Conservative Association.

The records in Series 8-12 were predominantly created and maintained by J.I. Glick’s son Harold Glick between 1955 and 2007. They document local business activities including Yellowknife Radio Ltd, Williams Electronics, Lizel Holdings, the 50-50 mini mall, and mining interests, as well as travels and international trips taken by the Glick family through their work with YK Radio.

Records in Series 13-15 document the personal (non-business) life of the Glick family. The records in Series 13 document the personal life of the Glick family, including correspondence between family members and from friends and family across Canada and internationally. Records also include sound recordings made by family members in Montreal for J.I. Glick and Sadie Glick in Yellowknife, as well as recordings of an interview (oral history) with Harold Glick by his grandson Jeremy Glick in 2007. Series 14 includes extensive documentation of schooling in Yellowknife in the 1960s-1980s, including yearbooks and school newsletters distributed by Yellowknife Public School, William McDonald Junior High, St Patrick’s High School, and Sir John Franklin Territorial High School. Also included is some documentation of extracurricular activities of the Glick children from the 1960s-1980s. Series 15 contains a collection of souvenirs maintained by the Glick family, including programs and flyers from community, musical and sporting events held in Yellowknife, as well as NWT tourism guides, and souvenirs from trips abroad.

Ray Ross fonds
159 · Fonds · [1925-1926], [1937-194-?]

This fonds consists of 224 black and white photographs and 1 16mm film reel (original master) and 1 betacam SP videocassette (archival master). The photos were taken primarily in the Tree River area circa 1925. Images include Inuit, camps, ships, and buildings. Many of the images are unidentified; however, some are of people from the Tree River area. There are many images of boats such as the "Margaret A" and the "Aklavik." The film is of Wop May on Reid Island in the 1940s. Other photos, primarily of his son Raymer and daughter Patricia, were taken by Ross while at Holman and Read Island. These date from 1937 to the early 1940s.

Ross, Ray
Hudson's Bay Company fonds
238 · Fonds · 1932-1957

This fonds consists of approximately 1.4 m of textual material and 7 photographs. The textual material is made up of 5 bound Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) journals and one carbon copy of a journal, Seasonal Log books for their steamships. The journals are from the following HBC posts: King William Land, September 24, 1932 to November 10, 1933; Fort Hearne, August 14, 1930 to March 31, 1933; Fort Hearne, March 7, 1934 to January 5, 1935; Tree River, June 1, 1925 to May 31, 1926; and King William Land, June 1, 1930 to November 29, 1931. The carbon copy journal is for King William Land, and covers the period September 12, 1925 to April 30, 1940, except for the period covered by the above bound journals of that post. The Tree River journal was recorded by A. A. Carroll and Ray Ross. The steamship logs are either Deck or Engine Room logs for the Distributor, the Great Bear, the Hearne Lake, the Hudson, and the Mackenzie River. The photographs are of the participants of a Hudson's Bay Fur Trade Conferences of 1931, 1933 and 1937 held in Winnipeg and a list of names paying tribute to Victor Ingraham.

Hudson's Bay Company
Alfred Cook fonds
135 · Fonds · 1924-1927

This fonds consists of 118 black and white copy negatives. The images include locations such as Aklavik, Baker Lake, Bathurst Inlet, Chesterfield Inlet, Coppermine, Shingle Point (Yukon), and Herschel Island (Yukon). Images feature Inuit, buildings (including igloos), boats and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) personnel.

Cook, Alfred