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This item is a recording of an interview conducted by George Simeon in 1982-1984 with George Washington Porter. In this recording, Porter discusses the last time he saw Inuit transport ice blocks on sleighs in 1926.

This item is a recording of an interview conducted by George Simeon in 1982-1984 with George Washington Porter. In this recording, Porter discusses Inuit sharing, trading and preserving meat. He discuses his grandsons hunting and trading meat. He also discusses trading meat with tribes of people such as the Nitsilik, Pilot Bay people. He also talks about trapping with dog teams and when they started using ski-doos rather than dogs to go trapping. Porter also talks about the first time CB radios were used. He mentions how much money fox hides were worth. He also explains how dogs were nourished and how dog harnesses and sleighs were made. He also talks about that 1926 was the last time that he saw ice blocks being transported in sleighs by Inuit.

[Roy Thomas, Tree of Peace Executive Director. Yellowknife.]

This item is the second part in a fourteen-part recording of a Metis Elders Workshop held April 19-21, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include: Joe Mercredi (Fort Simpson), Gilbert and Gemma Bouvier (Fort Providence), Len Heron (Fort Smith), D'Arcy Arden (Yellowknife), Archie Larocque (Fort Smith), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Alestine McDonald (Inuvik), Shane Mercredi (Fort Smith), Beatrice Daniels (Yellowknife), Emelia Gratrix (Fort Smith), Beatrice Morin (Hay River), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Ed Hodgson (Norman Wells), Lisa MacDonald (Norman Wells), Mary Cook (Fort Good Hope), Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Mary Firth (Fort McPherson), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Leonie Erasmus (Yellowknife), Virginia McMaster (Yellowknife), Catherine Turner (Yellowknife), Bill Lafferty (Fort Simpson), Pete Fraser (Fort Smith), Art Furlong (Aklavik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), Tina McKay, Billy Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Dolphus Lennie (Yellowknife), Martin Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa), and Gary Bohnet (President of the Metis Association), with Wally Firth (Inuvik) as Facilitator. This recording was made April 19, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side A of a 90 minute audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-300A, CN-300B, CN-299B, CN-308A, CN-304A, CN-308B, CN-304B, CN-302A, CN-305A, CN-302B, CN-305B, CN-306A, and CN-301A. The Metis Youth Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-307, CN-309, CN-310), although for the first day and part of the second and third, the two groups met together. The recording continues with a speech by Joe Mercredi about Youth involvement in the Metis Association and partnering with the Elders. Next, Wally Firth speaks about Metis culture and contributions to the Northwest Territories, particularly in the areas of transportation, dance and music, and politics. Wally is also the Facilitator for the the workshop. The group takes a coffee break, then resumes with Joe Mercredi speaking about the role of women in the building of the NWT. Next, Bea Daniels tells several stories about music and dancing, her father working for the Hudson's Bay Company, chores as a youth, living at the Senior Citizen's Home, people helping one another, and education. Leonard Heron speaks about the conference and not just talking, but doing things for their own people. The recording concludes with Bill Lafferty picking up on Leonard's comments to do something and support people. The recording ends abruptly.

This item is the fifth part in a fourteen-part recording of a Metis Elders Workshop held April 19-21, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include: Joe Mercredi (Fort Simpson), Gilbert and Gemma Bouvier (Fort Providence), Len Heron (Fort Smith), D'Arcy Arden (Yellowknife), Archie Larocque (Fort Smith), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Alestine McDonald (Inuvik), Shane Mercredi (Fort Smith), Beatrice Daniels (Yellowknife), Emelia Gratrix (Fort Smith), Beatrice Morin (Hay River), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Ed Hodgson (Norman Wells), Lisa MacDonald (Norman Wells), Mary Cook (Fort Good Hope), Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Mary Firth (Fort McPherson), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Leonie Erasmus (Yellowknife), Virginia McMaster (Yellowknife), Catherine Turner (Yellowknife), Bill Lafferty (Fort Simpson), Pete Fraser (Fort Smith), Art Furlong (Aklavik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), Tina McKay, Billy Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Dolphus Lennie (Yellowknife), Martin Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa), and Gary Bohnet (President of the Metis Association), with Wally Firth (Inuvik) as Facilitator. This recording was made April 19-20, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side A of an audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-300A, CN-299A, CN-300B, CN-299B, CN-304A, CN-308B, CN-304B, CN-302A, CN-305A, CN-302B, CN-305B, CN-306A, and CN-301A. The Metis Youth Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-307, CN-309, CN-310), although for the first day and part of the second and third, the two groups met together. The recording continues with Pete Fraser speaking about his work experiences, changing educational requirements for forestry workers, RCMP and Special Constables, education, workers coming from the South, and political development. Wally Firth and Pete Fraser tell brief stories about Johnny Raymond before the group takes a break. After the break, youth Dacia Gardner speaks about problems with school, the encouragement of the Elders to get an education, and keeping the culture. Liza Lawrence speaks about sharing and unity, language learning and passing it on, respect for parents and Elders, training as a nurse, regret for not spending more time with her daughters, bingos, alcohol, suicides and finding someone to confide in, and encouraging young people. The day's meeting is concluded with closing remarks by Marty Dunn and a closing prayer by Bea Daniels. The following morning, the recording resumes with an overview of the day by Wally Firth. Bill Lafferty and Pete Fraser make brief comments. The recording ends abruptly.

This item is the third part in a fourteen-part recording of a Metis Elders Workshop held April 19-21, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include: Joe Mercredi (Fort Simpson), Gilbert and Gemma Bouvier (Fort Providence), Len Heron (Fort Smith), D'Arcy Arden (Yellowknife), Archie Larocque (Fort Smith), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Alestine McDonald (Inuvik), Shane Mercredi (Fort Smith), Beatrice Daniels (Yellowknife), Emelia Gratrix (Fort Smith), Beatrice Morin (Hay River), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Ed Hodgson (Norman Wells), Lisa MacDonald (Norman Wells), Mary Cook (Fort Good Hope), Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Mary Firth (Fort McPherson), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Leonie Erasmus (Yellowknife), Virginia McMaster (Yellowknife), Catherine Turner (Yellowknife), Bill Lafferty (Fort Simpson), Pete Fraser (Fort Smith), Art Furlong (Aklavik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), Tina McKay, Billy Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Dolphus Lennie (Yellowknife), Martin Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa), and Gary Bohnet (President of the Metis Association), with Wally Firth (Inuvik) as Facilitator. This recording was made April 19, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side B of a 90 minute audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-300A, CN-299A, CN-299B, CN-308A, CN-304A, CN-308B, CN-304B, CN-302A, CN-305A, CN-302B, CN-305B, CN-306A, and CN-301A. The Metis Youth Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-307, CN-309, CN-310), although for the first day and part of the second and third, the two groups met together. The recording continues with Bill Lafferty's comments on supporting and helping each other, using the land without boundaries, Metis culture and traditions, politics, Metis identity, and people who are Metis. The next speaker is youth Lisa McDonald, discussing youth identity, not having anyone listen them, issues with alcohol, speaking to Elders, speaking out, facing challenges, and doing something. Emelia Gratrix speaks next on being involved with youth. Pete Fraser tells a few jokes before the group breaks for lunch. After lunch, the group decides to allow cameras to film the proceedings. Then Pete Fraser speaks again about education, learning from the Elders, working and raising a family, challenges facing youth, and asking the Elders for help. The recording ends abruptly.

This item is the fourth part in a fourteen-part recording of a Metis Elders Workshop held April 19-21, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include: Joe Mercredi (Fort Simpson), Gilbert and Gemma Bouvier (Fort Providence), Len Heron (Fort Smith), D'Arcy Arden (Yellowknife), Archie Larocque (Fort Smith), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Alestine McDonald (Inuvik), Shane Mercredi (Fort Smith), Beatrice Daniels (Yellowknife), Emelia Gratrix (Fort Smith), Beatrice Morin (Hay River), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Ed Hodgson (Norman Wells), Lisa MacDonald (Norman Wells), Mary Cook (Fort Good Hope), Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Mary Firth (Fort McPherson), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Leonie Erasmus (Yellowknife), Virginia McMaster (Yellowknife), Catherine Turner (Yellowknife), Bill Lafferty (Fort Simpson), Pete Fraser (Fort Smith), Art Furlong (Aklavik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), Tina McKay, Billy Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Dolphus Lennie (Yellowknife), Martin Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa), and Gary Bohnet (President of the Metis Association), with Wally Firth (Inuvik) as Facilitator. This recording was made April 19, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side B of a 90 minute audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-300A, CN-299A, CN-300B, CN-308A, CN-304A, CN-308B, CN-304B, CN-302A, CN-305A, CN-302B, CN-305B, CN-306A, and CN-301A. The Metis Youth Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-307, CN-309, CN-310), although for the first day and part of the second and third, the two groups met together. The recording continues with Pete Fraser speaking about the Hudson's Bay Company and youth reaching out to the Elders for help. Youth Leanne Goose speaks next about starting a youth group in Fort Good Hope, issues with alcohol and drugs, and what she wants to hear about at meetings. Next Bill Lafferty speaks about education, examples of Metis people for the youth to following, breakdowns between people, and helping Metis people become professionals. Next youth Rhea McDonald speaks about going on hunts, but not being used to it and kids getting in trouble because there is nothing to do. Youth Norm Hodgson Jr. also mentions that kids turn to alcohol and drugs due to boredom. Joe Mercredi speaks next about staying in school, Metis history, contributions to the development of the Northwest Territories, and residential school. Youth Shane Mercredi speaks about learning the culture to keep it alive. D'Arcy Arden speaks about education, staking claims near Pine Point, and losing his money due to a lack of education. The recording concludes with Pete Fraser encouraging the youth to speak up, education, and his work experience. The recording ends abruptly.

This item is the sixth part in a fourteen-part recording of a Metis Elders Workshop held April 19-21, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include: Joe Mercredi (Fort Simpson), Gilbert and Gemma Bouvier (Fort Providence), Len Heron (Fort Smith), D'Arcy Arden (Yellowknife), Archie Larocque (Fort Smith), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Alestine McDonald (Inuvik), Shane Mercredi (Fort Smith), Beatrice Daniels (Yellowknife), Emelia Gratrix (Fort Smith), Beatrice Morin (Hay River), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Ed Hodgson (Norman Wells), Lisa MacDonald (Norman Wells), Mary Cook (Fort Good Hope), Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Mary Firth (Fort McPherson), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Leonie Erasmus (Yellowknife), Virginia McMaster (Yellowknife), Catherine Turner (Yellowknife), Bill Lafferty (Fort Simpson), Pete Fraser (Fort Smith), Art Furlong (Aklavik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), Tina McKay, Billy Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Dolphus Lennie (Yellowknife), Martin Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa), and Gary Bohnet (President of the Metis Association), with Wally Firth (Inuvik) as Facilitator. This recording was made April 20, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side A of an audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-300A, CN-299A, CN-300B, CN-299B, CN-308A, CN-308B, CN-304B, CN-302A, CN-305A, CN-302B, CN-305B, CN-306A, and CN-301A. The Metis Youth Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-307, CN-309, CN-310), although for the first day and part of the second and third, the two groups met together. The recording continues with Leonie Erasmus providing an overview of the Metis Heritage Association and its activities. Feedback is given by Bill Lafferty and Joe Mercredi and Gary Bohnet responds. Following a short speech by Leanne Goose, the youth decide to break away to their own meeting, chaired by Joe Mercredi. Bill Lafferty makes another statement in response to Leanne's, about Metis heritage and respect. Pete Fraser also speaks about Metis heritage in the Northwest Territories and part of his own history working in Yellowknife. The recording ends abruptly.

This item is the second part in a five-part recording of a Metis Youth Workshop held April 19-20, 1991 in Yellowknife. Participants include Leanne Goose (Fort Good Hope), Dacia Gardner (Hay River), Ricky Stewart (Fort McPherson), Cindy Firth (Inuvik), Fagan Furlong (Aklavik), Louis Cardinal (Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River)), Rhea MacDonald (Norman Wells), Norman Hodgson (Norman Wells), Tina McKay, and Darlene Sibbeston (Fort Simpson), with Joe Mercredi and Susan Bohnet as facilitators and Leonie Erasmus as the Coordinator of the Metis Heritage Association. This recording was made April 20, 1991. The meeting is in English. The original source item is side B of an audio cassette. The meeting also includes CN-310A, CN-307A, CN-307B, and CN-309A. The Metis Elders Workshop is occurring concurrently (see CN-299 to CN-306, CN-308). The recording continues with Marty Dunn (Native Council of Canada, Ottawa) speaking about an experience he had with Dick Redbird and an Indigenous youth summer camp. The topic of conversation then turns to racial issues. Other youth talk about activities available in their communities and a desire to go back to school. Joe Mercredi asks the youth if they would be interested in a camp like Marty described. Susan Bohnet suggests learning cultural skills from Elders and doing something to help them in return. Joe encourages the Youth to get in touch with the Elders. The topic of conversation then turns to youth suicide, the group's experiences with it, what to do, and the need to talk to someone. The discussion also touches on alcohol abuse, domestic violence, the importance of telling people you love them. Before the lunch break, Joe suggests that the group should form a Youth Council and mentions opportunities for out of territory Youth Council events. After the group breaks for lunch, Susan confronts Leanne Goose about what she said to the Elders earlier in the day and mentions that some of the Elders were offended. The final five minutes of the recording are not from the Youth workshop but appear to record an unrelated business meeting.

This item consists of two parts. Both are in English. The original source item is side A of a 120 minute audio cassette. The first part is part of Pope John Paul II's 1984 address after he was prevented from reaching Fort Simpson by poor weather. The Pope expresses his disappointment and shares the message he had planned to deliver there. This part of the recording fades into white noise after about 4 minutes. The second part of the recording is an interview of Jack Williams, likely recorded in mid-1984 in Yellowknife by an unidentified female interviewer (who is a daughter of Catherine Mitchell of Aklavik). Jack is currently a Petroleum Resources Development Officer with the Federal Government, but will soon be starting as the new Executive Director of the Dene-Metis Secretariat. He was previously employed by the Metis Association as a financial officer and Executive Director while on a break during his Bachelor of Commerce degree at the University of Calgary. Jack was born in Fort Smith and his family moved frequently throughout the territory for his father’s job as a wildlife officer. His mother is Chipewyan. Jack is married and has one son. His hobbies include hunting, trapping, and sports. He also has a small bookkeeping business, JR Enterprises, that he formed in 1978. Jack has future plans to return to school to earn a law degree or MBA, once the Secretariat job ends. The interview discusses why he has taken the Secretariat job, getting an education, job responsibilities, Secretariat communication difficulties, and the current status of land claims. The interviewer also shares some personal details about her life, including that she is from Aklavik, is the daughter of Catherine Mitchell, is married to John Latham, and is working for the Metis Association.

Travelling in many parts of Athabasca [A group of men surround a Fokker Universal aircraft on skis with registration number G-CAHE at Peace River town in Alberta. Houses, a Midland-Pacific grain elevator and harnessed horses pulling a structure on sled are in the background. A vessel, possibly S.S. "D.A. Thomas" can be seen.]

North Transportation vessel "Radium King" - with barge - Mackenzie River Ft. Smith to Aklavik [Northern Transportation Company vessel, "Radium King" and "Radium King" No. 1 barge are docked on the Mackenzie River at Fort Smith, Northwest Territories. Vessel and barge traveled along Mackenzie River from Fort Smith to Aklavik, Northwest Territories.]

[CANOL Pipeline Project site in Waterways, Alberta. Barrels of oil, vessels, CANOL work trucks, and men can be seen.]

["Simpson" vessel transporting barrels of oil is moored on the Clearwater River likely at the CANOL Pipeline Project site in Waterways, Alberta. A work truck is visible on the dock.]

100' [feet] long; 2-900 HP. Engines -"Simpson" - W.S.A." ["Simpson" vessel being transported likely at the CANOL Pipeline Project site at Waterways, Alberta.]

[Northern Alberta Railway station and Hudson's Bay Company warehouse at the shipyard in Waterways, Alberta.]

Thousands have been coming into the Peace River Country for farming from the dried-out areas of the Southern Prairies. Here are two pictures showing one or two families coming in together. They have their covered wagon and eat and sleep and travel in it, even driving their cows and leading other horses with them as they come into this new land, -- the Land of Beginning Again. Notice the little children including the little babe standing in the doorway of the covered wagon. It is the Church's duty and privilege to care for these people spiritually in this pioneer land. [Settlers arriving into Peace River Country with a chuckwagon pulled by horses. Came in an envelope with description along with CN 1b, CN 1c, and CN 1d.]

[A clergyman is on the shore next to a boat likely in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. Clergyman appears to be Reverend Cecil Randell, who was Anglican Minister in Yellowknife from 1939-1944 (Also appears in CN 31). Houses and a tent are in the background.]

Airplanes at Yellowknife, “Belanca” in front, “Norseman” in rear [A Bellanca 66-75 Aircruiser on floats flown by Mackenzie Air Service with registration number CF-BTW is docked in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. A Noorduyn Norseman IV on floats with registration number CF-BDD can be seen behind the Bellanca. A clergyman is on the dock between the two planes. Clergyman appears to be Reverend Cecil Randell, who was Anglican Minister in Yellowknife from 1939-1944. (Also appears in CN 185)].

(Fort Smith, the Rapids of the Drowned) Travelers down North (We go down North in the Mackenzie Valley and up South), are landed at Fort Fitzgerald and there we have a portage of 16 miles to escape the wild and dangerous rapids. Here the river drops about 120 feet in 16 miles. This is the last of the rapids as the river opens up at Fort Smith. Many have been drowned in these rapids and they are therefore called the Rapids of the Drowned. You will notice some little children playing on the rocks and in the little pools in hollows of the rocks in the foreground. We hope they will not venture too near the swift water. This is the only interruption to navigation in the whole of the Mackenzie River system. [People on the shore and swimming at Rapids of the Drowned in Fort Smith, Northwest Territories.]